The median pay for General and Operations Managers is $105,770 a year ($50.85/hr), according to BLS OEWS, May 2025. Employment is projected to grow 5.0% through 2035, with about 285,000 openings a year (BLS EP, 2025–2035). Typical entry-level education: Bachelor's degree.
- SOC 11-1021
- Management
- Last updated October 15, 2026
At a glance
General and Operations Manager in four numbers
- Median pay
- $105,770a year, or $50.85/hrBLS OEWS, May 2025Lowest 10% $50KTop 10% $253K
US median, all jobs: $50,980
- Projected growth
- +5.0%Faster than averageBLS EP, 2025–2035This career+5%All jobs+3.5%
Projected employment change, 2025–2035 Item Value This career +5% All jobs +3.5% - Openings a year
- 285,0003,599,000 jobs todayBLS EP, 2025–2035
- Jobs in 20253.6M
- Projected 20353.8M
Employment, 2025–2035 Item Value Jobs in 2025 3.6M Projected 2035 3.8M - Typical education
- Bachelor'sneeded to enterBLS EP, 2025–2035; mix: O*NET
- Less than high school10.4%
- High school28.8%
- Certificate5.7%
- Some college21.6%
- Associate's6%
- Bachelor's27.3%
Highest education held by general and operations managers Segment Value Less than high school 10.4% High school 28.8% Certificate 5.7% Some college 21.6% Associate's 6% Bachelor's 27.3%
Also advertised as: Business Manager, Center Manager, Department Manager, District Manager, General Manager (GM), Operations Director.
Pay
How much do general and operations managers make?
General and Operations Managers earn a median of $105,770 a year ($50.85 an hour, or about $8,810 a month); the lowest-paid 10% earn less than $50,090 and the top 10% more than $253,390 (BLS OEWS, May 2025).
The best-paying state is New Jersey, with a median of $173,690. See General and operations manager salary in New Jersey and every other state. By city, pay is highest around Trenton ($216,150 average): salary in every city.
Every general and operations manager in the US, by percentile of annual wage
Median
$105,770
Middle half earn $72,320 to $167,280
- 10th
- $50,090
- 25th
- $72,320
- 75th
- $167,280
- 90th
- $253,390
All US occupations: $50,980
| Percentile | Value |
|---|---|
| 10th | $50,090 |
| 25th | $72,320 |
| Median | $105,770 |
| 75th | $167,280 |
| 90th | $253,390 |
| All US occupations | $50,980 |
Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025
- Median annual wage
- $105,770
- Median hourly wage
- $50.85/hr
- Mean annual wage
- $134,940
- People employed
- 3,503,020
Versus all US occupations
At $105,770, General and Operations Managers earn 107% above the $50,980 median across all US occupations, a difference of $54,790 a year.
Versus management occupations
Inside the Management group, where the middle occupation pays $126,060, this is 16% below the group median.
Pay range
The top 10% earn $253,390 or more while the bottom 10% earn $50,090, a gap of 5.1×. That is an unusually wide spread, which usually tracks specialisation, employer type and years of experience.
Rank in the bank
This median pays more than 79% of the 1,741 occupations in the NueCareer career bank.
Highest-paying state
New Jersey pays the most at $173,690, and still leads at $159,634 once local prices are taken into account.
Pay by state
Which states pay general and operations managers the most?
State medians come from the same OEWS release as the national figures. The cost-of-living column divides each state median by that state's BEA Regional Price Parity, restating pay in national-average dollars so a high-cost state and a low-cost one can be compared directly.
| State | Median | COL-adjusted | Employed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1New Jersey | $173,690 | $159,634 | 53,000 |
| 2District of Columbia | $168,000 | $152,865 | 36,150 |
| 3South Dakota | $137,400 | $155,104 | 4,280 |
| 4Connecticut | $137,220 | $132,439 | 39,070 |
| 5Delaware | $137,220 | $137,484 | 5,000 |
| 6Washington | $133,750 | $124,985 | 50,630 |
| 7Colorado | $131,840 | $127,935 | 41,870 |
| 8New York | $130,860 | $121,255 | 206,740 |
| 9Massachusetts | $127,220 | $120,295 | 95,880 |
| 10New Hampshire | $124,680 | $119,695 | 22,110 |
Job outlook
Is general and operations manager a growing career?
Employment change over 2025–2035, against every US occupation
Faster than average. +5.0% projected growth vs 3.5% for all occupations.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| General and Operations Managers | +5% |
| All US occupations | +3.5% |
Source: BLS EP, 2025–2035
Faster than average
BLS projects employment of General and Operations Managers to change 5.0% over 2025–2035, against 3.5% projected for all occupations. That is 181,300 more jobs.
Annual openings
About 285,000 openings are projected each year, 7.9% of the 3,599,000 jobs that existed in 2025. Most come from workers leaving the occupation, not from growth alone.
Overall employment of top executives is projected to grow 5 percent from 2025 to 2035, faster than the average for all occupations.
Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
Demand for general and operations managers is projected to grow as organizations increasingly rely on these workers for help in functioning smoothly.
Chief executives will be needed in organizations to govern and make high-level decisions. For example, they will be needed in corporate settings to oversee and manage strategy, budgets, and their respective departments, such as finance or information technology (IT).
AI exposure: high
BLS places this occupation in its high relative AI exposure category, above the middle of the pack: a substantial share of the work overlaps with what AI can do.
Getting in
How to become a general and operations manager
Top executives typically need at least a bachelor’s degree and considerable work experience to enter the occupation.
- 1
Typical entry-level education
Bachelor's degree
- 2
Work experience in a related occupation
5 years or more
- 3
Typical on-the-job training
None
- 4
Preparation needed (O*NET job zone)
Considerable preparation
BLS Employment Projections, 2025–2035; job zone from O*NET 31.0 Database.
What education people in the job have
O*NET incumbent survey: the highest level of education reported by people already working as general and operations managers.
- High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED)28.8%
- Bachelor's Degree27.3%
- Some College Courses21.6%
- Less than a High School Diploma10.4%
- Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree6%
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED) | 28.8% |
| Bachelor's Degree | 27.3% |
| Some College Courses | 21.6% |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 10.4% |
| Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree | 6% |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
The work
What does a general and operations manager do?
Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations, overseeing multiple departments or locations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Usually manage through subordinate supervisors. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.
Top executives plan strategies and policies to ensure that an organization meets its goals. They coordinate and direct work activities of companies and organizations.
Day-to-day tasks
- Review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to measure productivity or goal achievement or to identify areas needing cost reduction or program improvement.
- Perform personnel functions, such as selection, training, or evaluation.
- Establish or implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, or procedures in conjunction with board members, organization officials, or staff members.
- Prepare staff work schedules and assign specific duties.
- Direct administrative activities directly related to making products or providing services.
- Direct or coordinate financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
- Direct and coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with the production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
- Monitor suppliers to ensure that they efficiently and effectively provide needed goods or services within budgetary limits.
O*NET core tasks, ordered by reported importance.
Working conditions and hours
Most top executives work full time, and many work more than 40 hours per week, including evenings and weekends.
Where the work happens
Indoors, climate-controlled
NeverEvery dayOutdoors in all weather
NeverEvery day
Physical demands
Sitting
NeverAlmost all the timeStanding
NeverAlmost all the timeBending or twisting
NeverAlmost all the time
Working with people
Contact with other people
NoneConstantConstant contact with other people.
Face-to-face discussions
NeverEvery dayFace-to-face discussions every day.
Dealing with the public
Not importantExtremely importantDealing with customers or the public is very important.
Pressure and stakes
Strict deadlines
NeverEvery dayMeeting strict deadlines at least weekly.
Conflict situations
NeverEvery dayCost of a mistake
Not seriousExtremely serious
Autonomy
Freedom to decide
NoneA lotA lot of freedom to make decisions without checking first.
Schedules: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition. Conditions: O*NET Work Context survey. Each item has its own scale, so each dot is read against the two answers that end its own line.
Where general and operations managers work
Share of jobs by employer type
- Self-employed workers27%
- Professional, scientific, and technical services14%
- Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals8%
- Healthcare and social assistance6%
- Management of companies and enterprises5%
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Self-employed workers | 27% |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 14% |
| Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals | 8% |
| Healthcare and social assistance | 6% |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 5% |
Source: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition
Core skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Reading Comprehension4.0
- Active Listening4.0
- Speaking4.0
- Monitoring4.0
- Critical Thinking3.9
- Active Learning3.6
- Writing3.5
- Learning Strategies3.0
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Reading Comprehension | 4.0 |
| Active Listening | 4.0 |
| Speaking | 4.0 |
| Monitoring | 4.0 |
| Critical Thinking | 3.9 |
| Active Learning | 3.6 |
| Writing | 3.5 |
| Learning Strategies | 3.0 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Transferable skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Coordination3.9
- Social Perceptiveness3.8
- Management of Personnel Resources3.8
- Persuasion3.6
- Complex Problem Solving3.6
- Judgment and Decision Making3.6
- Time Management3.6
- Negotiation3.5
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Coordination | 3.9 |
| Social Perceptiveness | 3.8 |
| Management of Personnel Resources | 3.8 |
| Persuasion | 3.6 |
| Complex Problem Solving | 3.6 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | 3.6 |
| Time Management | 3.6 |
| Negotiation | 3.5 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Tools and software
- Accounting software · in demand
- Analytical or scientific software · in demand
- Business intelligence and data analysis software · in demand
- Cloud-based data access and sharing software · in demand
- Cloud-based management software · in demand
- Computer aided design CAD software · in demand
- Configuration management software · in demand
- Content workflow software · in demand
- Customer relationship management CRM software · in demand
- Data base management system software · in demand
- Data base user interface and query software · in demand
- Data mining software · in demand
“In demand” marks an O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technology, software named in real job postings for this occupation.
The workforce
Who works as a general and operations manager?
Women make up 34.4% of general and operations managers, against 47.1% of all employed people: more men than in the workforce as a whole.
21.7% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs.
The median worker is 44.0 years old (all workers: 42.1).
- Women
- 34.4%All workers 47.1% · BLS CPS, 2025
- Median age
- 44.0All workers 42.1 · BLS CPS, 2025
- Aged 55+
- 21.7%All workers 23.2% · BLS CPS, 2025
- Employed (CPS)
- 1,379,000BLS CPS, 2025
| Group | Share of general and operations managers | All employed people |
|---|---|---|
| Women | 34.4% | 47.1% |
| White | 83.0% | 75.7% |
| Black or African American | 8.4% | 12.7% |
| Asian | 4.0% | 7.5% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 14.1% | 20.0% |
| Aged 55 and over | 21.7% | 23.2% |
| Aged 16 to 24 | 2.8% | 12.2% |
Current Population Survey annual averages, 2025 (BLS tables 11 and 11b). Race groups can overlap with Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, so they do not sum to 100%.
Personality fit
What personality type suits a general and operations manager?
O*NET Occupational Interests (RIASEC), scored 1 to 7
| Axis | General and Operations Manager |
|---|---|
| Realistic | 2 |
| Investigative | 2 |
| Artistic | 1 |
| Social | 3 |
| Enterprising | 7 |
| Conventional | 5 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
What the work is built around
Day to day this is work built around leading, persuading, selling and making decisions, combined with organising, following procedures and working precisely with data.
- Enterprising7.0
- Conventional5.3
- Social3.4
- Investigative2.4
- Realistic2.2
- Artistic1.3
Closest MBTI types
NueCareer fit scores: cosine similarity between each MBTI type's interest vector and this occupation's O*NET interest profile. Not a BLS or O*NET figure; the method is documented on our methodology page.
Questions
General and Operations Manager: frequently asked questions
How much do general and operations managers make?
General and Operations Managers earn a median of $105,770 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025). That is 107% above the $50,980 median for all US occupations. That works out at $50.85/hr. The middle half earn between $72,320 and $167,280. The top 10% earn $253,390 or more.
How much do general and operations managers make an hour?
The median hourly wage for general and operations managers is $50.85 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). On a full-year basis the $105,770 annual median works out to about $8,810 a month before tax.
What is the starting salary for a general and operations manager?
BLS does not publish a starting salary. The nearest measure is the low end of the pay range: the lowest-paid 10% of general and operations managers earn less than $50,090 a year and the bottom quarter less than $72,320 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). New workers often start near that end, but where a particular job starts depends on the employer, the state and the credentials you bring, so read these as the bottom of the range rather than a guaranteed entry wage.
Do general and operations managers make $100k?
Yes, more often than not. The median is $105,770, so more than half of general and operations managers earn over $100,000 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025). In 30 states the median itself is above $100,000: New Jersey ($173,690), District of Columbia ($168,000), South Dakota ($137,400), Connecticut ($137,220), and 26 more.
Which states pay general and operations managers the most?
The highest state medians for General and Operations Managers are New Jersey ($173,690), District of Columbia ($168,000), South Dakota ($137,400) (BLS OEWS, May 2025).
What kind of general and operations manager earns the most?
BLS does not split general and operations managers' pay by specialty or employer, but its range shows how far the top end runs: the highest-paid 10% earn more than $253,390, against a median of $105,770 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Location moves pay the most in the published data: the best-paying states are New Jersey ($173,690), District of Columbia ($168,000), South Dakota ($137,400). Among the specialty careers inside this occupation, industry sources put typical pay at $257,500 for private club general managers (CMAA Compensation and Benefits Report 2024 (as summarized by club industry recruiters), 2024); $135,140 for city managers (ICMA CAO Salary and Compensation Survey (2019 edition), 2018). Those are not BLS figures.
Do you need a degree to become a general and operations manager?
Yes. BLS reports a bachelor's degree as the typical entry-level education for General and Operations Managers, and O*NET rates the preparation needed as considerable preparation. Employers typically expect 5 years or more of related work experience first. In O*NET's survey of people already doing the job, 28.8% hold high school diploma or the equivalent (such as a ged).
How long does it take to become a general and operations manager?
BLS does not publish a fixed length; it depends on the route. What it does publish: the typical way in for general and operations managers is a bachelor's degree, plus 5 years or more of work experience in a related occupation. O*NET classes the work as needing considerable preparation.
Is general and operations manager a growing career?
Yes. Employment is projected to grow 5.0% over 2025–2035, faster than the 3.5% average for all occupations (BLS EP, 2025–2035). BLS still projects about 285,000 openings a year, mostly from workers retiring or moving to other work.
What does a general and operations manager do?
Top executives plan strategies and policies to ensure that an organization meets its goals. A core O*NET task: review financial statements, sales or activity reports, or other performance data to measure productivity or goal achievement or to identify areas needing cost reduction or program improvement. Employers most often ask for Accounting software, Analytical or scientific software, Business intelligence and data analysis software.
Do general and operations managers work 40 hours a week?
Most work more than 40. In O*NET's survey of people in the job, 70% of general and operations managers usually work more than 40 hours a week, 30% work exactly 40 and 0% work fewer. 85% say their schedule is regular and 16% irregular. Source: O*NET 31.0 Database, Work Context.
What personality type suits a general and operations manager?
O*NET scores General and Operations Managers highest on the Enterprising, Conventional and Social interest areas, so the work mixes leading, persuading, selling and making decisions with organising, following procedures and working precisely with data. On NueCareer's MBTI-to-interest mapping the closest types are ESTJ, ESFJ. Personality is a fit signal, not a gate. The free NueCareer quiz scores your own profile against all 1,731 careers in the bank.
What percentage of general and operations managers are women?
Women make up 34.4% of general and operations managers, against 47.1% of all employed people: more men than in the workforce as a whole. 21.7% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs. The median worker is 44.0 years old (all workers: 42.1). Source: BLS Current Population Survey, 2025 annual averages.






