Business and Financial Operations

Accountant Salary (2026), outlook and how to become one

Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others.

Median pay
$83,680
Growth to 2035
+5.0%
Openings a year
115,300
Typical entry
Bachelor's

Accountants and Auditors earn a median of $83,680 per year ($40.23/hr) (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Employment is projected to grow 5.0% through 2035, with about 115,300 openings a year (BLS EP, 2025–2035). Typical entry-level education: Bachelor's degree.

  • SOC 13-2011
  • Business and Financial Operations
  • Last updated October 15, 2026

At a glance

Accountant in four numbers

Median pay
$83,680a year, or $40.23/hr
Lowest 10% $56KTop 10% $144K

US median, all jobs: $50,980

BLS OEWS, May 2025
Projected growth
+5.0%Faster than average
This career
+5%
All jobs
+3.5%
Projected employment change, 2025–2035
ItemValue
This career+5%
All jobs+3.5%
BLS EP, 2025–2035
Openings a year
115,3001,595,200 jobs today
  • Jobs in 20251.6M
  • Projected 20351.7M
Employment, 2025–2035
ItemValue
Jobs in 20251.6M
Projected 20351.7M
BLS EP, 2025–2035
Typical education
Bachelor'sneeded to enterBLS EP, 2025–2035; mix: O*NET

Also advertised as: Accountant, Accounting Officer, Audit Partner, Auditor, Cost Accountant, CPA (Certified Public Accountant).

Pay

How much do accountants make?

Accountants and Auditors earn a median of $83,680 a year ($40.23 an hour, or about $6,970 a month); the lowest-paid 10% earn less than $56,020 and the top 10% more than $144,090 (BLS OEWS, May 2025).

The best-paying state is District of Columbia, with a median of $111,530. See Accountant salary in District of Columbia and every other state. By city, pay is highest around San Jose ($128,520 average): salary in every city.

Annual pay, lowest-paid to highest-paid

Every accountant in the US, by percentile of annual wage

Median

$83,680

Middle half earn $67,020 to $109,810

10th
$56,020
25th
$67,020
75th
$109,810
90th
$144,090

All US occupations: $50,980

Accountant annual wages
PercentileValue
10th$56,020
25th$67,020
Median$83,680
75th$109,810
90th$144,090
All US occupations$50,980

Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025

Median annual wage
$83,680
Median hourly wage
$40.23/hr
Mean annual wage
$94,750
People employed
1,449,500

Versus all US occupations

At $83,680, Accountants and Auditors earn 64% above the $50,980 median across all US occupations, a difference of $32,700 a year.

Versus business and financial operations occupations

Inside the Business and Financial Operations group, where the middle occupation pays $80,730, this is 4% above the group median.

Pay range

The top 10% earn $144,090 or more while the bottom 10% earn $56,020, a gap of 2.6×. That is a typical spread for a US occupation.

Rank in the bank

This median pays more than 64% of the 1,741 occupations in the NueCareer career bank.

Highest-paying state

District of Columbia pays the most at $111,530, and still leads at $101,482 once local prices are taken into account.

Pay by state

Which states pay accountants the most?

State medians come from the same OEWS release as the national figures. The cost-of-living column divides each state median by that state's BEA Regional Price Parity, restating pay in national-average dollars so a high-cost state and a low-cost one can be compared directly.

Top 10 states by median annual wage for Accountants and Auditors
StateMedianCOL-adjustedEmployed
1District of Columbia$111,530$101,4829,810
2New York$102,640$95,107109,830
3New Jersey$100,830$92,67042,250
4Massachusetts$99,460$94,04646,230
5Connecticut$97,550$94,15116,770
6California$97,050$87,654175,360
7Colorado$97,030$94,15635,410
8Washington$96,550$90,22334,740
9Rhode Island$95,820$93,6846,570
10Delaware$95,020$95,2036,570
See all 54 states, sortable, with cost-of-living adjustments

Job outlook

Is accountant a growing career?

Projected change in jobs

Employment change over 2025–2035, against every US occupation

Accountants and Auditors
+5%
All US occupations
+3.5%

Faster than average. +5.0% projected growth vs 3.5% for all occupations.

Projected employment change, 2025–2035
ItemValue
Accountants and Auditors+5%
All US occupations+3.5%

Source: BLS EP, 2025–2035

Faster than average

BLS projects employment of Accountants and Auditors to change 5.0% over 2025–2035, against 3.5% projected for all occupations. That is 79,400 more jobs.

Annual openings

About 115,300 openings are projected each year, 7.2% of the 1,595,200 jobs that existed in 2025. Most come from workers leaving the occupation, not from growth alone.

Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.

Employment growth of accountants and auditors is expected to be closely tied to the health of the overall economy. As the economy grows and new businesses are created, these workers will likely continue to be needed to prepare and examine financial records.

Technological change is expected to affect the role of accountants over the projections decade. Some routine accounting tasks may be automated as platforms such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain become more widespread. Although these technologies will likely increase accountants' efficiency, this change is not expected to reduce overall demand. The automation of routine tasks, such as data entry, will instead make accountants' advisory and analytical duties more prominent.

AI exposure: very high

BLS places this occupation in its very high relative AI exposure category, among the occupations most exposed to current AI.

Will AI replace accountants? →

Getting in

How to become an accountant

Working as an accountant or auditor requires no license — a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field is the usual entry point. Becoming a Certified Public Accountant is a separate, licensed step: CPAs are licensed by their state's Board of Accountancy, and any accountant who files a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission must be a licensed CPA. The education and experience requirements for a CPA license are changing state by state right now and should be checked with your own state board.

The credential path, step by step

  1. Earn a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field4 years

    Accountants and auditors typically need a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field such as business. Some employers prefer applicants with a master's degree in accounting, or in business administration with an accounting concentration.

  2. Get practical experience

    Students may gain experience through internships with public accounting or business firms. Some people with an associate degree, or bookkeeping and auditing clerks who meet their employer's education and experience requirements, take junior accounting positions and advance by demonstrating their skills on the job.

  3. Decide whether you need the CPA license

    Any accountant who files a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission must be a licensed CPA. Others become CPAs to improve job prospects or to gain clients; employers may pay the costs associated with the exam.

  4. Check your state board's current education pathway

    The requirements changed in 2025 and states are adopting the new pathways on different timetables. NASBA publishes which jurisdictions have signed new licensure pathways into law and when they take effect. Your state board declares you eligible before you can apply to sit the exam.

  5. Pass the Uniform CPA Examination

    Three four-hour Core sections (AUD, FAR, REG) plus one four-hour Discipline section of your choice (BAR, ISC or TCP).

  6. Complete the required experience and apply for the license

    One or two years of professional experience depending on which pathway your state has adopted, then apply to your state Board of Accountancy.

Exams you have to pass

  • Uniform CPA Examination (CPA Exam)

    Required of everyone seeking to qualify as a US CPA; it exists to help ensure only qualified individuals are licensed. Under the CPA Evolution structure in place since January 2024 it comprises three four-hour Core sections — Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), and Taxation and Regulation (REG) — plus one four-hour Discipline section chosen from Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR), Information Systems and Control (ISC), or Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP). You must be declared eligible by a jurisdiction before you can apply to sit a section.

    Administered by NASBA CPA Examination Services on behalf of state boards of accountancy; content developed by the AICPA.

How long the training takes

4 years for a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field

That is enough for the job itself. CPA licensure requires more, and how much depends on which pathway your state has adopted: a graduate degree in accounting, or a bachelor's plus 30 additional semester credits (150 semester hours in total, often via a 5-year combined bachelor's and master's), or a bachelor's alone at 120 semester hours paired with a longer experience requirement.

Continuing education

Not required

No continuing education is required to work as an accountant. Many state licensing boards require CPAs to maintain and improve their skills through continuing professional education (CPE); the rules and hour counts are set by each state board and change frequently.

Licensing and state variation

Not a state license

The occupation of accountant or auditor is not licensed. The CPA credential is, and it is issued by each state's Board of Accountancy — and its requirements are currently in flux, so a single national rule cannot be stated. In 2025 NASBA and the AICPA updated the Uniform Accountancy Act to recognize three model pathways to licensure: a graduate degree in accounting plus one year of professional experience; a bachelor's degree in accounting plus 30 additional semester credits (150 semester hours total) plus one year of experience; or a bachelor's degree in accounting at 120 semester hours plus two years of experience — each in combination with passing the CPA Exam. The same update shifted interstate mobility from a state-based 'substantial equivalency' test to an individual-based practice privilege determined by a CPA's own education, exam and experience. Individual jurisdictions must formally enact legislation and change their rules to adopt any of this, implementation dates vary, and NASBA maintains a map and list of the jurisdictions that have already signed new pathways into law. Do not assume the older 150-semester-hour rule still applies where you live without checking your state board. A few states allow a number of years of public accounting experience to substitute for a college degree.

Who governs the credential

  • National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA)

    Serves the state boards of accountancy that issue CPA licenses. Its CPA Examination Services arm handles Uniform CPA Examination application processing, credential evaluations and score reporting for many jurisdictions, and NASBA maintains the published list of jurisdictions that have signed new licensure pathways into law, with effective dates.

  • American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)

    With NASBA, maintains the Uniform Accountancy Act, the model legislation states draw on for CPA licensure requirements and interstate practice, and develops the Uniform CPA Examination.

  • State boards of accountancy

    Issue the CPA license. Each board sets its own education, examination and experience requirements and its own continuing professional education rules.

Credential detail for accountants is researched by hand from the bodies that issue it, not derived from BLS or O*NET. Sources last checked August 23, 2026. Requirements change: confirm with your own state board before enrolling in anything.

What the federal data says

Accountants and auditors typically need at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field to enter the occupation. Completing certification in a specific field of accounting, such as becoming a licensed Certified Public Accountant (CPA), may improve job prospects.

  1. 1

    Typical entry-level education

    Bachelor's degree

  2. 2

    Work experience in a related occupation

    None

  3. 3

    Typical on-the-job training

    None

  4. 4

    Preparation needed (O*NET job zone)

    Considerable preparation

BLS Employment Projections, 2025–2035; job zone from O*NET 31.0 Database.

Full BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook entry

The work

What does an accountant do?

Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data.

Accountants and auditors prepare and examine financial records, identify potential areas of opportunity and risk, and provide solutions for businesses and individuals. They ensure that financial records are accurate, that financial and data risks are evaluated, and that taxes are paid properly. They also assess financial operations and work to help ensure that organizations run efficiently.

Day-to-day tasks

  1. Review accounts for discrepancies and reconcile differences.
  2. Compute taxes owed and prepare tax returns, ensuring compliance with payment, reporting, or other tax requirements.
  3. Prepare adjusting journal entries.
  4. Inspect account books and accounting systems for efficiency, effectiveness, and use of accepted accounting procedures to record transactions.
  5. Review data about material assets, net worth, liabilities, capital stock, surplus, income, or expenditures.
  6. Prepare, examine, or analyze accounting records, financial statements, or other financial reports to assess accuracy, completeness, and conformance to reporting and procedural standards.
  7. Confer with company officials about financial and regulatory matters.
  8. Establish tables of accounts and assign entries to proper accounts.

O*NET core tasks, ordered by reported importance.

Working conditions and hours

Most accountants and auditors work full time. Longer periods of work are typical at certain times of the year, such as for quarterly audits or during tax season.

Where the work happens

  • Indoors, climate-controlled

    NeverEvery day

    Indoors, in a climate-controlled space, every day.

  • Outdoors in all weather

    NeverEvery day

    Almost never works outdoors.

Physical demands

  • Sitting

    NeverAlmost all the time

    Seated for more than half the working day.

  • Standing

    NeverAlmost all the time
  • Bending or twisting

    NeverAlmost all the time

Working with people

  • Contact with other people

    NoneConstant
  • Face-to-face discussions

    NeverEvery day
  • Dealing with the public

    Not importantExtremely important

Pressure and stakes

  • Strict deadlines

    NeverEvery day
  • Conflict situations

    NeverEvery day
  • Cost of a mistake

    Not seriousExtremely serious

Autonomy

  • Freedom to decide

    NoneA lot

Schedules: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition. Conditions: O*NET Work Context survey. Each item has its own scale, so each dot is read against the two answers that end its own line.

Where accountants and auditors work

Share of jobs by employer type

  • Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services21%
  • Finance and insurance8%
  • Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals8%
  • Management of companies and enterprises6%
  • Self-employed workers5%
Largest employers of Accountants and Auditors
ItemValue
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services21%
Finance and insurance8%
Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals8%
Management of companies and enterprises6%
Self-employed workers5%

Source: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition

Core skills

O*NET importance, 1 to 5

  • Reading Comprehension3.9
  • Active Listening3.5
  • Writing3.5
  • Critical Thinking3.5
  • Speaking3.4
  • Mathematics3.4
  • Active Learning3.3
  • Monitoring3.3
Core skills for Accountants and Auditors
ItemValue
Reading Comprehension3.9
Active Listening3.5
Writing3.5
Critical Thinking3.5
Speaking3.4
Mathematics3.4
Active Learning3.3
Monitoring3.3

Source: O*NET 31.0 Database

Transferable skills

O*NET importance, 1 to 5

  • Complex Problem Solving3.5
  • Judgment and Decision Making3.5
  • Social Perceptiveness3.3
  • Persuasion3.1
  • Service Orientation3.1
  • Time Management3.1
  • Coordination3.0
  • Negotiation2.9
Transferable skills for Accountants and Auditors
ItemValue
Complex Problem Solving3.5
Judgment and Decision Making3.5
Social Perceptiveness3.3
Persuasion3.1
Service Orientation3.1
Time Management3.1
Coordination3.0
Negotiation2.9

Source: O*NET 31.0 Database

Tools and software

  • Accounting software · in demand
  • Analytical or scientific software · in demand
  • Business intelligence and data analysis software · in demand
  • Customer relationship management CRM software · in demand
  • Data base management system software · in demand
  • Data base user interface and query software · in demand
  • Development environment software · in demand
  • Document management software · in demand
  • Electronic mail software · in demand
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP software · in demand
  • Medical software · in demand
  • Object or component oriented development software · in demand

“In demand” marks an O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technology, software named in real job postings for this occupation.

The workforce

Who works as an accountant?

Women make up 59.1% of accountants and auditors, against 47.1% of all employed people: more women than in the workforce as a whole.

27.1% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs.

The median worker is 44.7 years old (all workers: 42.1).

Women
59.1%All workers 47.1% · BLS CPS, 2025
Median age
44.7All workers 42.1 · BLS CPS, 2025
Aged 55+
27.1%All workers 23.2% · BLS CPS, 2025
Employed (CPS)
1,766,000BLS CPS, 2025
Share of accountants and auditors by sex, race, ethnicity and age, against all employed people
GroupShare of accountants and auditorsAll employed people
Women
59.1%
47.1%
White
74.7%
75.7%
Black or African American
10.3%
12.7%
Asian
12.7%
7.5%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)
11.5%
20.0%
Aged 55 and over
27.1%
23.2%
Aged 16 to 24
4.9%
12.2%

Current Population Survey annual averages, 2025 (BLS tables 11 and 11b). Race groups can overlap with Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, so they do not sum to 100%.

Personality fit

What personality type suits an accountant?

Interest profile

O*NET Occupational Interests (RIASEC), scored 1 to 7

Accountant · Realistic: 1Accountant · Investigative: 4Accountant · Artistic: 1Accountant · Social: 2Accountant · Enterprising: 4Accountant · Conventional: 7
Accountant interest profile
AxisAccountant
Realistic1
Investigative4
Artistic1
Social2
Enterprising4
Conventional7

Source: O*NET 31.0 Database

What the work is built around

Day to day this is work built around organising, following procedures and working precisely with data, combined with leading, persuading, selling and making decisions.

  • Conventional7.0
  • Enterprising3.9
  • Investigative3.6
  • Social2.1
  • Realistic1.1
  • Artistic1.1

Closest MBTI types

NueCareer fit scores: cosine similarity between each MBTI type's interest vector and this occupation's O*NET interest profile. Not a BLS or O*NET figure; the method is documented on our methodology page.

Questions

Accountant: frequently asked questions

How much do accountants make?

Accountants and Auditors earn a median of $83,680 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025). That is 64% above the $50,980 median for all US occupations. That works out at $40.23/hr. The middle half earn between $67,020 and $109,810. The top 10% earn $144,090 or more.

How much do accountants make an hour?

The median hourly wage for accountants and auditors is $40.23 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). On a full-year basis the $83,680 annual median works out to about $6,970 a month before tax.

What is the starting salary for an accountant?

BLS does not publish a starting salary. The nearest measure is the low end of the pay range: the lowest-paid 10% of accountants and auditors earn less than $56,020 a year and the bottom quarter less than $67,020 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). New workers often start near that end, but where a particular job starts depends on the employer, the state and the credentials you bring, so read these as the bottom of the range rather than a guaranteed entry wage.

Do accountants make $100k?

Some do. $100,000 sits between the median ($83,680) and the 75th percentile ($109,810), so roughly a quarter to a half of accountants and auditors earn more than that (BLS OEWS, May 2025). In 3 states the median itself is above $100,000: District of Columbia ($111,530), New York ($102,640), New Jersey ($100,830).

Which states pay accountants the most?

The highest state medians for Accountants and Auditors are District of Columbia ($111,530), New York ($102,640), New Jersey ($100,830) (BLS OEWS, May 2025).

What kind of accountant earns the most?

BLS does not split accountants and auditors' pay by specialty or employer, but its range shows how far the top end runs: the highest-paid 10% earn more than $144,090, against a median of $83,680 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Location moves pay the most in the published data: the best-paying states are District of Columbia ($111,530), New York ($102,640), New Jersey ($100,830). BLS also counts 4 specialty careers inside this occupation (forensic accountant, internal auditor, IT auditor, transfer pricing specialist), which share its federal pay figures.

Do you need a degree to become an accountant?

Yes. BLS reports a bachelor's degree as the typical entry-level education for Accountants and Auditors, and O*NET rates the preparation needed as considerable preparation.

Is accountant a growing career?

Yes. Employment is projected to grow 5.0% over 2025–2035, faster than the 3.5% average for all occupations (BLS EP, 2025–2035). BLS still projects about 115,300 openings a year, mostly from workers retiring or moving to other work.

What does an accountant do?

Accountants and auditors prepare and examine financial records, identify potential areas of opportunity and risk, and provide solutions for businesses and individuals. A core O*NET task: review accounts for discrepancies and reconcile differences. Employers most often ask for Accounting software, Analytical or scientific software, Business intelligence and data analysis software.

Do accountants work 40 hours a week?

Most work more than 40. In O*NET's survey of people in the job, 50% of accountants and auditors usually work more than 40 hours a week, 46% work exactly 40 and 4% work fewer. 83% say their schedule is regular and 10% irregular, and 7% work seasonally. Source: O*NET 31.0 Database, Work Context.

What personality type suits an accountant?

O*NET scores Accountants and Auditors highest on the Conventional, Enterprising and Investigative interest areas, so the work mixes organising, following procedures and working precisely with data with leading, persuading, selling and making decisions. On NueCareer's MBTI-to-interest mapping the closest types are ESTJ, ISTJ. Personality is a fit signal, not a gate. The free NueCareer quiz scores your own profile against all 1,731 careers in the bank.

How long does it take to become an accountant?

4 years for a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field. That is enough for the job itself. CPA licensure requires more, and how much depends on which pathway your state has adopted: a graduate degree in accounting, or a bachelor's plus 30 additional semester credits (150 semester hours in total, often via a 5-year combined bachelor's and master's), or a bachelor's alone at 120 semester hours paired with a longer experience requirement.

Do you need a license to work as an accountant?

Not a state license. The occupation of accountant or auditor is not licensed. The CPA credential is, and it is issued by each state's Board of Accountancy — and its requirements are currently in flux, so a single national rule cannot be stated. In 2025 NASBA and the AICPA updated the Uniform Accountancy Act to recognize three model pathways to licensure: a graduate degree in accounting plus one year of professional experience; a bachelor's degree in accounting plus 30 additional semester credits (150 semester hours total) plus one year of experience; or a bachelor's degree in accounting at 120 semester hours plus two years of experience — each in combination with passing the CPA Exam. The same update shifted interstate mobility from a state-based 'substantial equivalency' test to an individual-based practice privilege determined by a CPA's own education, exam and experience. Individual jurisdictions must formally enact legislation and change their rules to adopt any of this, implementation dates vary, and NASBA maintains a map and list of the jurisdictions that have already signed new pathways into law. Do not assume the older 150-semester-hour rule still applies where you live without checking your state board. A few states allow a number of years of public accounting experience to substitute for a college degree.

What exams and certifications apply to an accountant?

The CPA Exam (Uniform CPA Examination). Required of everyone seeking to qualify as a US CPA; it exists to help ensure only qualified individuals are licensed. Under the CPA Evolution structure in place since January 2024 it comprises three four-hour Core sections — Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), and Taxation and Regulation (REG) — plus one four-hour Discipline section chosen from Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR), Information Systems and Control (ISC), or Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP). You must be declared eligible by a jurisdiction before you can apply to sit a section.

What percentage of accountants are women?

Women make up 59.1% of accountants and auditors, against 47.1% of all employed people: more women than in the workforce as a whole. 27.1% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs. The median worker is 44.7 years old (all workers: 42.1). Source: BLS Current Population Survey, 2025 annual averages.