Cares for and trains dolphins, sea lions, seals and other marine mammals at aquariums, zoos and research facilities, using positive reinforcement. BLS does not publish separate figures for animal trainers; it counts them within animal trainer (SOC 39-2011), whose median pay is $39,990 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Typical entry-level education: Bachelor's degree.
- SOC 39-2011
- Personal Care and Service
- Last updated October 9, 2026
At a glance
Marine Mammal Trainer in four numbers
- Median pay
- $39,990a year, or $19.22/hrBLS OEWS, May 2025Lowest 10% $30KTop 10% $75K
US median, all jobs: $50,980
- Projected growth
- +4.2%About as fast as averageBLS EP, 2025–2035This career+4.2%All jobs+3.5%
Projected employment change, 2025–2035 Item Value This career +4.2% All jobs +3.5% - Openings a year
- 6,50047,800 jobs todayBLS EP, 2025–2035
- Jobs in 202547.8K
- Projected 203549.7K
Employment, 2025–2035 Item Value Jobs in 2025 47.8K Projected 2035 49.7K - Typical education
- Bachelor'sneeded to enterBLS EP, 2025–2035; mix: O*NET
- Less than high school22.6%
- High school44.4%
- Certificate7.9%
- Some college16.6%
- Associate's6.8%
- Bachelor's1.8%
Highest education held by animal trainers Segment Value Less than high school 22.6% High school 44.4% Certificate 7.9% Some college 16.6% Associate's 6.8% Bachelor's 1.8%
Also advertised as: Dolphin Trainer, Sea Lion Trainer, Marine Mammal Specialist, Animal Care and Training Specialist, Marine Animal Trainer.
Pay
How much do Animal Trainers make?
Every marine mammal trainer in the US, by percentile of annual wage
Median
$39,990
Middle half earn $33,740 to $53,580
- 10th
- $29,600
- 25th
- $33,740
- 75th
- $53,580
- 90th
- $75,490
All US occupations: $50,980
| Percentile | Value |
|---|---|
| 10th | $29,600 |
| 25th | $33,740 |
| Median | $39,990 |
| 75th | $53,580 |
| 90th | $75,490 |
| All US occupations | $50,980 |
Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025
- Median annual wage
- $39,990
- Median hourly wage
- $19.22/hr
- Mean annual wage
- $47,020
- People employed
- 18,770
Versus all US occupations
At $39,990, Animal Trainers earn 22% below the $50,980 median across all US occupations, a difference of $10,990 a year.
Versus personal care and service occupations
Inside the Personal Care and Service group, where the middle occupation pays $38,120, this is 5% above the group median.
Pay range
The top 10% earn $75,490 or more while the bottom 10% earn $29,600, a gap of 2.6×. That is a typical spread for a US occupation.
Rank in the bank
This median pays more than 7% of the 1,741 occupations in the NueCareer career bank.
Cost of living
Virginia posts the highest raw median ($62,960), but once local prices are taken into account Alabama leads at $62,709 in national-average dollars.
Pay by state
Which states pay Animal Trainers the most?
State medians come from the same OEWS release as the national figures. The cost-of-living column divides each state median by that state's BEA Regional Price Parity, restating pay in national-average dollars so a high-cost state and a low-cost one can be compared directly.
| State | Median | COL-adjusted | Employed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Virginia | $62,960 | $62,273 | 720 |
| 2Alabama | $55,700 | $62,709 | 170 |
| 3Oregon | $55,520 | $53,715 | 140 |
| 4California | $49,060 | $44,310 | 2,270 |
| 5New York | $48,790 | $45,209 | 970 |
| 6New Jersey | $46,690 | $42,912 | 480 |
| 7Washington | $46,420 | $43,378 | 360 |
| 8Illinois | $45,830 | $45,849 | 680 |
| 9Connecticut | $45,800 | $44,204 | 290 |
| 10Indiana | $45,270 | $48,506 | 380 |
Job outlook
Is Marine Mammal Trainer a growing career?
Employment change over 2025–2035, against every US occupation
About as fast as average. +4.2% projected growth vs 3.5% for all occupations.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Animal Trainers | +4.2% |
| All US occupations | +3.5% |
Source: BLS EP, 2025–2035
About as fast as average
BLS projects employment of Animal Trainers to change 4.2% over 2025–2035, against 3.5% projected for all occupations. That is 2,000 more jobs.
Annual openings
About 6,500 openings are projected each year, 13.6% of the 47,800 jobs that existed in 2025. Most come from workers leaving the occupation, not from growth alone.
Getting in
How to become a Marine Mammal Trainer
Most facilities expect a bachelor's degree in biology, marine biology, psychology, animal science or a related field, with coursework in animal behavior and learning theory. Hands-on experience matters as much as the degree, so candidates typically complete internships or volunteer roles in animal care at accredited zoos and aquariums before being hired.
Applicants usually must pass a swim test, and many facilities want SCUBA certification, CPR and first aid, and comfort speaking in front of crowds. New hires train under senior trainers for an extended apprenticeship. The International Marine Animal Trainers' Association (IMATA) posts jobs and internships, and the Alliance of Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums sets care standards for member facilities.
- 1
Typical entry-level education
Bachelor's degree
- 2
Work experience in a related occupation
None
- 3
Typical on-the-job training
Moderate-term on-the-job training
- 4
Preparation needed (O*NET job zone)
Little or no preparation
BLS Employment Projections, 2025–2035; job zone from O*NET 31.0 Database.
What education people in the job have
O*NET incumbent survey: the highest level of education reported by people already working as animal trainers.
- High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED)44.4%
- Less than a High School Diploma22.6%
- Some College Courses16.6%
- Post-Secondary Certificate7.9%
- Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree6.8%
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED) | 44.4% |
| Less than a High School Diploma | 22.6% |
| Some College Courses | 16.6% |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 7.9% |
| Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree | 6.8% |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
The work
What does a Marine Mammal Trainer do?
Marine mammal trainers spend most of their time on animal care rather than shows. They prepare and weigh restaurant-quality fish, give vitamins, clean habitats, and keep detailed records on each animal's diet, behavior and health.
Training uses operant conditioning and positive reinforcement. Trainers teach husbandry behaviors that let animals take part in their own health care, such as presenting a flipper for a blood draw, opening the mouth for a dental check, or sliding onto a scale. They also train exercise and enrichment behaviors, run educational presentations, and support research and stranding response. Trainers often work in the water with animals and must read subtle shifts in behavior to keep both people and animals safe.
Day-to-day tasks
- Prepare, weigh and feed daily diets of fish and supplements
- Train husbandry behaviors for voluntary medical care
- Plan and deliver enrichment activities
- Record behavior, appetite and health observations
- Lead educational presentations for visitors
- Assist veterinarians with exams and procedures
- Clean and maintain habitats and holding pools
Typical tasks, researched by NueCareer from the sources below.
Working conditions and hours
Trainers work at aquariums, marine parks, zoos, research centers and some military programs. The job is outdoors and wet much of the time, in all weather, with early starts, weekends and holidays, since animals need care every day. It is physically demanding, involving swimming, lifting buckets of fish and long hours on your feet.
Where the work happens
Indoors, climate-controlled
NeverEvery dayOutdoors in all weather
NeverEvery dayOutdoors in all weather at least weekly.
Physical demands
Sitting
NeverAlmost all the timeStanding
NeverAlmost all the timeOn their feet more than half the working day.
Bending or twisting
NeverAlmost all the time
Working with people
Contact with other people
NoneConstantFace-to-face discussions
NeverEvery dayFace-to-face discussions every day.
Dealing with the public
Not importantExtremely important
Pressure and stakes
Strict deadlines
NeverEvery dayConflict situations
NeverEvery dayCost of a mistake
Not seriousExtremely serious
Autonomy
Freedom to decide
NoneA lotA lot of freedom to make decisions without checking first.
Conditions: O*NET Work Context survey. Each item has its own scale, so each dot is read against the two answers that end its own line.
Core skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Speaking3.5
- Learning Strategies3.5
- Critical Thinking3.4
- Active Learning3.3
- Active Listening3.1
- Monitoring3.1
- Reading Comprehension2.9
- Writing2.9
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Speaking | 3.5 |
| Learning Strategies | 3.5 |
| Critical Thinking | 3.4 |
| Active Learning | 3.3 |
| Active Listening | 3.1 |
| Monitoring | 3.1 |
| Reading Comprehension | 2.9 |
| Writing | 2.9 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Transferable skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Instructing3.8
- Judgment and Decision Making3.1
- Social Perceptiveness3.0
- Coordination3.0
- Service Orientation3.0
- Complex Problem Solving3.0
- Time Management3.0
- Persuasion2.9
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Instructing | 3.8 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | 3.1 |
| Social Perceptiveness | 3.0 |
| Coordination | 3.0 |
| Service Orientation | 3.0 |
| Complex Problem Solving | 3.0 |
| Time Management | 3.0 |
| Persuasion | 2.9 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Tools and software
- Data base user interface and query software · in demand
- Electronic mail software · in demand
- Enterprise resource planning ERP software · in demand
- Medical software · in demand
- Office suite software · in demand
- Operating system software · in demand
- Presentation software · in demand
- Project management software · in demand
- Spreadsheet software · in demand
- Web page creation and editing software · in demand
- Word processing software · in demand
- Calendar and scheduling software
“In demand” marks an O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technology, software named in real job postings for this occupation.
Personality fit
What personality type suits a Marine Mammal Trainer?
NueCareer estimate (Holland code RSI) built on O*NET's Animal Trainer profile, scored 1 to 7
| Axis | Marine Mammal Trainer |
|---|---|
| Realistic | 7 |
| Investigative | 3 |
| Artistic | 2 |
| Social | 4 |
| Enterprising | 2 |
| Conventional | 3 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
What the work is built around
Day to day this is work built around hands-on, practical work with tools, machines or the outdoors, combined with teaching, helping and working directly with other people.
- Realistic6.5
- Social4.3
- Investigative3.2
- Conventional3.0
- Enterprising2.1
- Artistic1.8
Closest MBTI types
NueCareer fit scores: cosine similarity between each MBTI type's interest vector and this occupation's O*NET interest profile. Not a BLS or O*NET figure; the method is documented on our methodology page.
Explore further
Careers related to Marine Mammal Trainer
O*NET related occupations
- Personal Care and Service
- Personal Care and Service
- Farming, Fishing, and Forestry
- Healthcare Support
Veterinary Assistant and Laboratory Animal Caretaker
$38,150median a year
Most earn $30K to $49K
+9.1%High school - Protective Service
- Farming, Fishing, and Forestry
Farmworker, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animal
$36,670median a year
Most earn $27K to $54K
−3.2%No formal credential
More personal care and service careers
Median annual pay, with animal trainers highlighted
- Exercise Trainer and Group Fitness Instructor$47,160
- Marine Mammal Trainer$39,990
- Concierge$38,950
- Tour Guide and Escort$38,120
- Hairstylist$35,790
- Manicurist and Pedicurist$35,760
- Nanny$34,980
- Childcare Worker$34,980
- Gambling Dealer$34,320
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Exercise Trainer and Group Fitness Instructor | $47,160 |
| Marine Mammal Trainer | $39,990 |
| Concierge | $38,950 |
| Tour Guide and Escort | $38,120 |
| Hairstylist | $35,790 |
| Manicurist and Pedicurist | $35,760 |
| Nanny | $34,980 |
| Childcare Worker | $34,980 |
| Gambling Dealer | $34,320 |
Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025
Lists Marine Mammal Trainer appears on
Questions
Marine Mammal Trainer: frequently asked questions
How much do Animal Trainers make?
BLS does not publish a separate wage for animal trainers. It counts them within animal trainer, whose median pay is $39,990 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025). The middle half of that occupation earn between $33,740 and $53,580, and the top 10% earn $75,490 or more.
Do you need a degree to become a Marine Mammal Trainer?
Yes. BLS reports a bachelor's degree as the typical entry-level education for Animal Trainers, and O*NET rates the preparation needed as little or no preparation. BLS also lists moderate-term on-the-job training as typical on-the-job training. In O*NET's survey of people already doing the job, 44.4% hold high school diploma or the equivalent (such as a ged).
Is Marine Mammal Trainer a growing career?
It is stable rather than fast-growing: employment is projected to change 4.2% over 2025–2035, about the same as the 3.5% projected across all occupations (BLS EP, 2025–2035). BLS still projects about 6,500 openings a year, mostly from workers retiring or moving to other work.
What does a Marine Mammal Trainer do?
Marine mammal trainers spend most of their time on animal care rather than shows. A typical task: prepare, weigh and feed daily diets of fish and supplements. Employers most often ask for Data base user interface and query software, Electronic mail software, Enterprise resource planning ERP software.
Which states pay Animal Trainers the most?
The highest state medians for Animal Trainers are Virginia ($62,960), Alabama ($55,700), Oregon ($55,520) (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Adjusted for local prices using BEA Regional Price Parities, Alabama moves to the top at $62,709.
What personality type suits a Marine Mammal Trainer?
O*NET scores Animal Trainers highest on the Realistic, Social and Investigative interest areas, so the work mixes hands-on, practical work with tools, machines or the outdoors with teaching, helping and working directly with other people. On NueCareer's MBTI-to-interest mapping the closest types are ISTJ, ISFJ. Personality is a fit signal, not a gate. The free NueCareer quiz scores your own profile against all 1,731 careers in the bank.