The median pay for Nursing Assistants is $42,260 a year ($20.32/hr), according to BLS OEWS, May 2025. Employment is projected to grow 2.6% through 2035, with about 196,200 openings a year (BLS EP, 2025–2035). Typical entry-level education: Postsecondary nondegree award.
- SOC 31-1131
- Healthcare Support
- Last updated October 15, 2026
At a glance
Nursing Assistant in four numbers
- Median pay
- $42,260a year, or $20.32/hrBLS OEWS, May 2025Lowest 10% $34KTop 10% $52K
US median, all jobs: $50,980
- Projected growth
- +2.6%About as fast as averageBLS EP, 2025–2035This career+2.6%All jobs+3.5%
Projected employment change, 2025–2035 Item Value This career +2.6% All jobs +3.5% - Openings a year
- 196,2001,505,900 jobs todayBLS EP, 2025–2035
- Jobs in 20251.5M
- Projected 20351.5M
Employment, 2025–2035 Item Value Jobs in 2025 1.5M Projected 2035 1.5M - Typical education
- Certificateneeded to enterBLS EP, 2025–2035; mix: O*NET
- High school38.7%
- Certificate24%
- Some college12.2%
- Associate's9.8%
- Bachelor's6.1%
- Professional degree3.8%
Highest education held by nursing assistants Segment Value High school 38.7% Certificate 24% Some college 12.2% Associate's 9.8% Bachelor's 6.1% Professional degree 3.8%
Also advertised as: Certified Medication Aide (CMA), Certified Nurse Aide (CNA), Certified Nurses Aide (CNA), Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA), Licensed Nursing Assistant (LNA), Nurses' Aide.
Pay
How much do nursing assistants make?
Nursing Assistants earn a median of $42,260 a year ($20.32 an hour, or about $3,520 a month); the lowest-paid 10% earn less than $33,940 and the top 10% more than $51,980 (BLS OEWS, May 2025).
The best-paying state is Oregon, with a median of $49,830. See Nursing assistant salary in Oregon and every other state. By city, pay is highest around San Jose ($59,360 average): salary in every city. Choosing between jobs? Compare pay side by side in CNA vs Medical Assistant and LPN vs CNA.
Every nursing assistant in the US, by percentile of annual wage
Median
$42,260
Middle half earn $37,260 to $47,220
- 10th
- $33,940
- 25th
- $37,260
- 75th
- $47,220
- 90th
- $51,980
All US occupations: $50,980
| Percentile | Value |
|---|---|
| 10th | $33,940 |
| 25th | $37,260 |
| Median | $42,260 |
| 75th | $47,220 |
| 90th | $51,980 |
| All US occupations | $50,980 |
Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025
- Median annual wage
- $42,260
- Median hourly wage
- $20.32/hr
- Mean annual wage
- $42,700
- People employed
- 1,448,910
Versus all US occupations
At $42,260, Nursing Assistants earn 17% below the $50,980 median across all US occupations, a difference of $8,720 a year.
Versus healthcare support occupations
The median is typical for the Healthcare Support group, where the middle occupation pays $42,260.
Pay range
The top 10% earn $51,980 or more while the bottom 10% earn $33,940, a gap of 1.5×. That is a narrow spread, so experience and employer move pay less than in most occupations.
Rank in the bank
This median pays more than 9% of the 1,741 occupations in the NueCareer career bank.
Cost of living
Oregon posts the highest raw median ($49,830), but once local prices are taken into account North Dakota leads at $51,507 in national-average dollars.
Pay by state
Which states pay nursing assistants the most?
State medians come from the same OEWS release as the national figures. The cost-of-living column divides each state median by that state's BEA Regional Price Parity, restating pay in national-average dollars so a high-cost state and a low-cost one can be compared directly.
| State | Median | COL-adjusted | Employed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Oregon | $49,830 | $48,210 | 14,800 |
| 2Washington | $49,180 | $45,957 | 30,270 |
| 3New York | $48,590 | $45,024 | 87,990 |
| 4New Hampshire | $47,870 | $45,956 | 7,810 |
| 5District of Columbia | $47,700 | $43,403 | 3,490 |
| 6California | $47,630 | $43,018 | 110,060 |
| 7Colorado | $47,380 | $45,977 | 22,240 |
| 8Vermont | $47,130 | $48,112 | 3,030 |
| 9Maine | $47,070 | $48,501 | 8,540 |
| 10New Jersey | $46,830 | $43,040 | 32,400 |
Job outlook
Is nursing assistant a growing career?
Employment change over 2025–2035, against every US occupation
About as fast as average. +2.6% projected growth vs 3.5% for all occupations.
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Nursing Assistants | +2.6% |
| All US occupations | +3.5% |
Source: BLS EP, 2025–2035
About as fast as average
BLS projects employment of Nursing Assistants to change 2.6% over 2025–2035, against 3.5% projected for all occupations. That is 39,000 more jobs.
Annual openings
About 196,200 openings are projected each year, 13.0% of the 1,505,900 jobs that existed in 2025. Most come from workers leaving the occupation, not from growth alone.
Overall employment of nursing assistants and orderlies is projected to grow 3 percent from 2025 to 2035, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
As the population ages, nursing assistants and orderlies will be needed to help care for an increasing number of older people who have chronic or progressive diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes.
Demand for nursing assistants may be constrained by financial pressures on nursing homes, which might lead some facilities to close or reduce staff. However, increased opportunities are expected in home- and community-based settings as patient preferences and shifts in policy generate demand for care in these settings.
AI exposure: low
BLS places this occupation in its low relative AI exposure category, among the occupations least exposed to current AI.
Getting in
How to become a nursing assistant
There is no national nursing assistant license. The gate is federal and then state: Medicare and Medicaid rules require that a facility not use anyone as a nurse aide for more than four months unless they have completed a state-approved nurse aide training and competency evaluation program, and a facility must receive nurse aide registry verification before letting someone work as a nurse aide. Federal rules set a floor of 75 clock hours of training; the credential title, such as Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA), is set by each state.
The credential path, step by step
- Complete a state-approved nurse aide training programAt least 75 hours; set by the state
These run in high schools, community colleges, vocational and technical schools, hospitals and nursing homes. Federally the program must be at least 75 clock hours with at least 16 hours of supervised practical training, and 16 hours of specified subjects must come before any direct contact with a resident.
- Pass the state competency evaluation
The training program must contain the competency evaluation procedures required by 42 CFR 483.154. Passing it is what allows you to use the state-specific title.
- Get listed on the state nurse aide registry
Nursing assistants who pass the competency exam are placed on the state registry, and must be on it to work in a nursing home. A facility must receive registry verification before allowing you to serve as a nurse aide, so registry listing is the practical hiring gate.
- Complete employer on-the-job training
Nursing assistants typically complete a short period of on-the-job training covering their specific employer's policies and procedures. Students may not perform services for which they have not been trained and found proficient.
- Add a state medication credential if your state offers one
BLS notes that in some states nursing assistants may earn additional credentials, such as Certified Medication Assistant (CMA), which allows them to dispense medications.
Exams you have to pass
Nurse aide competency evaluation
Every approved nurse aide training program must contain the competency evaluation procedures set out in the federal regulation. It is taken after the training program, and passing it is what places you on the state nurse aide registry and lets you use the state's title. The exam's name and format are set at state level, not nationally.
Administered by Each state, under federal requirements at 42 CFR 483.154.
- How long the training takes
At least 75 clock hours
Federal rules require that an approved nurse aide training and competency evaluation program consist of no less than 75 clock hours, include at least 16 hours of supervised practical training, and cover at least 16 hours of communication and interpersonal skills, infection control, safety and emergency procedures, promoting residents' independence and respecting residents' rights before any direct contact with a resident. Because the regulation states these as minimums, state programs can be longer.
- Continuing education
Not required
There is no national continuing-education requirement placed on the individual. BLS notes some states add requirements such as continuing education. Two federal rules do bite: if 24 consecutive months pass during which you provided no nursing or nursing-related services for pay, you must complete a new training and competency evaluation program; and facilities must review each nurse aide's performance at least once every 12 months and provide regular in-service education.
Licensing and state variation
Licensed state by state
The credential is issued and titled by the state. BLS notes that in some states a nursing assistant is called a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) but titles vary by state. What varies: the number of training hours above the federal 75-hour floor, the format and passing standard of the competency evaluation, whether the state requires continuing education, criminal background checks, and the operation of the state registry itself. Registry listing is what a nursing home must verify before letting you work.
Who governs the credential
- Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Sets the federal minimum standards, at 42 CFR part 483, for nurse aide training and competency evaluation programs, for the state nurse aide registry, and for when a long-term care facility may use someone as a nurse aide.
Credential detail for nursing assistants is researched by hand from the bodies that issue it, not derived from BLS or O*NET. Sources last checked August 23, 2026. Requirements change: confirm with your own state board before enrolling in anything.
- eCFR, 42 CFR 483.152, Requirements for approval of a nurse aide training and competency evaluation program · checked August 23, 2026
- eCFR, 42 CFR 483.35, Nursing services (nurse aide competency, registry verification, required retraining) · checked August 23, 2026
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Nursing Assistants and Orderlies (How to Become One) · checked August 23, 2026
What the federal data says
Nursing assistants typically must complete a state-approved education program and pass their state’s competency exam. Orderlies typically have at least a high school diploma or equivalent.
- 1
Typical entry-level education
Postsecondary nondegree award
- 2
Work experience in a related occupation
None
- 3
Typical on-the-job training
None
- 4
Preparation needed (O*NET job zone)
Medium preparation
BLS Employment Projections, 2025–2035; job zone from O*NET 31.0 Database.
What education people in the job have
O*NET incumbent survey: the highest level of education reported by people already working as nursing assistants.
- High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED)38.7%
- Post-Secondary Certificate24%
- Some College Courses12.2%
- Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree9.8%
- Bachelor's Degree6.1%
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED) | 38.7% |
| Post-Secondary Certificate | 24% |
| Some College Courses | 12.2% |
| Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree | 9.8% |
| Bachelor's Degree | 6.1% |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
The work
What does a nursing assistant do?
Provide or assist with basic care or support under the direction of onsite licensed nursing staff. Perform duties such as monitoring of health status, feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, or ambulation of patients in a health or nursing facility. May include medication administration and other health-related tasks. Includes nursing care attendants, nursing aides, and nursing attendants.
Nursing assistants, sometimes called nursing aides, provide basic care and help patients with activities of daily living. Orderlies transport patients and clean treatment areas.
Day-to-day tasks
- Provide physical support to assist patients to perform daily living activities, such as getting out of bed, bathing, dressing, using the toilet, standing, walking, or exercising.
- Document or otherwise report observations of patient behavior, complaints, or physical symptoms to nurses.
- Communicate with patients to ascertain feelings or need for assistance or social and emotional support.
- Undress, wash, and dress patients who are unable to do so for themselves.
- Change bed linens or make beds.
- Feed patients or assist patients to eat or drink.
- Turn or reposition bedridden patients.
- Observe or examine patients to detect symptoms that may require medical attention, such as bruises, open wounds, or blood in urine.
O*NET core tasks, ordered by reported importance.
Working conditions and hours
Although most nursing assistants and orderlies work full time, some work part time. Because nursing and residential care facilities and hospitals provide care at all hours, nursing assistants and orderlies may need to work nights, weekends, and holidays.
Where the work happens
Indoors, climate-controlled
NeverEvery dayOutdoors in all weather
NeverEvery day
Physical demands
Sitting
NeverAlmost all the timeStanding
NeverAlmost all the timeOn their feet more than half the working day.
Bending or twisting
NeverAlmost all the timeRegular bending or twisting.
Working with people
Contact with other people
NoneConstantConstant contact with other people.
Face-to-face discussions
NeverEvery dayDealing with the public
Not importantExtremely important
Pressure and stakes
Strict deadlines
NeverEvery dayConflict situations
NeverEvery dayCost of a mistake
Not seriousExtremely serious
Autonomy
Freedom to decide
NoneA lot
Schedules: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition. Conditions: O*NET Work Context survey. Each item has its own scale, so each dot is read against the two answers that end its own line.
Where nursing assistants work
Share of jobs by employer type
- Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities)36%
- Hospitals; state, local, and private32%
- Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly11%
- Home healthcare services5%
- Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals3%
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities) | 36% |
| Hospitals; state, local, and private | 32% |
| Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly | 11% |
| Home healthcare services | 5% |
| Government, excluding state and local education and hospitals | 3% |
Source: BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2025–2035 edition
Core skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Active Listening3.6
- Monitoring3.3
- Reading Comprehension3.1
- Speaking3.1
- Critical Thinking3.1
- Active Learning2.9
- Writing2.8
- Learning Strategies2.4
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Active Listening | 3.6 |
| Monitoring | 3.3 |
| Reading Comprehension | 3.1 |
| Speaking | 3.1 |
| Critical Thinking | 3.1 |
| Active Learning | 2.9 |
| Writing | 2.8 |
| Learning Strategies | 2.4 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Transferable skills
O*NET importance, 1 to 5
- Service Orientation4.0
- Social Perceptiveness3.6
- Coordination3.1
- Judgment and Decision Making2.9
- Time Management2.9
- Complex Problem Solving2.6
- Instructing2.5
- Operations Monitoring2.3
| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Service Orientation | 4.0 |
| Social Perceptiveness | 3.6 |
| Coordination | 3.1 |
| Judgment and Decision Making | 2.9 |
| Time Management | 2.9 |
| Complex Problem Solving | 2.6 |
| Instructing | 2.5 |
| Operations Monitoring | 2.3 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
Tools and software
- Business intelligence and data analysis software · in demand
- Electronic mail software · in demand
- Medical software · in demand
- Office suite software · in demand
- Spreadsheet software · in demand
- Word processing software · in demand
- Billing and invoicing software
- Data base user interface and query software
- Internet browser software
- Video conferencing software
- Video creation and editing software
“In demand” marks an O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technology, software named in real job postings for this occupation.
The workforce
Who works as a nursing assistant?
Women make up 86.9% of nursing assistants, against 47.1% of all employed people: a female-dominated occupation.
19.9% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs.
The median worker is 39.6 years old (all workers: 42.1).
- Women
- 86.9%All workers 47.1% · BLS CPS, 2025
- Median age
- 39.6All workers 42.1 · BLS CPS, 2025
- Aged 55+
- 19.9%All workers 23.2% · BLS CPS, 2025
- Employed (CPS)
- 1,404,000BLS CPS, 2025
| Group | Share of nursing assistants | All employed people |
|---|---|---|
| Women | 86.9% | 47.1% |
| White | 50.7% | 75.7% |
| Black or African American | 39.3% | 12.7% |
| Asian | 5.3% | 7.5% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 13.4% | 20.0% |
| Aged 55 and over | 19.9% | 23.2% |
| Aged 16 to 24 | 19.9% | 12.2% |
Current Population Survey annual averages, 2025 (BLS tables 11 and 11b). Race groups can overlap with Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, so they do not sum to 100%.
Personality fit
What personality type suits a nursing assistant?
O*NET Occupational Interests (RIASEC), scored 1 to 7
| Axis | Nursing Assistant |
|---|---|
| Realistic | 5 |
| Investigative | 3 |
| Artistic | 1 |
| Social | 6 |
| Enterprising | 2 |
| Conventional | 4 |
Source: O*NET 31.0 Database
What the work is built around
Day to day this is work built around teaching, helping and working directly with other people, combined with hands-on, practical work with tools, machines or the outdoors.
- Social5.7
- Realistic4.6
- Conventional4.2
- Investigative2.7
- Enterprising1.8
- Artistic1.0
Closest MBTI types
NueCareer fit scores: cosine similarity between each MBTI type's interest vector and this occupation's O*NET interest profile. Not a BLS or O*NET figure; the method is documented on our methodology page.
Questions
Nursing Assistant: frequently asked questions
How much do nursing assistants make?
Nursing Assistants earn a median of $42,260 a year (BLS OEWS, May 2025), 17% below the $50,980 median for all US occupations. That works out at $20.32/hr. The middle half earn between $37,260 and $47,220. The top 10% earn $51,980 or more.
How much do nursing assistants make an hour?
The median hourly wage for nursing assistants is $20.32 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). On a full-year basis the $42,260 annual median works out to about $3,520 a month before tax.
What is the starting salary for a nursing assistant?
BLS does not publish a starting salary. The nearest measure is the low end of the pay range: the lowest-paid 10% of nursing assistants earn less than $33,940 a year and the bottom quarter less than $37,260 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). New workers often start near that end, but where a particular job starts depends on the employer, the state and the credentials you bring, so read these as the bottom of the range rather than a guaranteed entry wage.
Which states pay nursing assistants the most?
The highest state medians for Nursing Assistants are Oregon ($49,830), Washington ($49,180), New York ($48,590) (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Adjusted for local prices using BEA Regional Price Parities, North Dakota moves to the top at $51,507.
What kind of nursing assistant earns the most?
BLS does not split nursing assistants' pay by specialty or employer, but its range shows how far the top end runs: the highest-paid 10% earn more than $51,980, against a median of $42,260 (BLS OEWS, May 2025). Location moves pay the most in the published data: the best-paying states are Oregon ($49,830), Washington ($49,180), New York ($48,590).
Do you need a degree to become a nursing assistant?
Not a degree, but you do need credentialed training: BLS lists a postsecondary non-degree award (a certificate or license program) as the typical entry route for Nursing Assistants. In O*NET's survey of people already doing the job, 38.7% hold high school diploma or the equivalent (such as a ged).
Is nursing assistant a growing career?
It is stable rather than fast-growing: employment is projected to change 2.6% over 2025–2035, about the same as the 3.5% projected across all occupations (BLS EP, 2025–2035). BLS still projects about 196,200 openings a year, mostly from workers retiring or moving to other work.
What does a nursing assistant do?
Nursing assistants, sometimes called nursing aides, provide basic care and help patients with activities of daily living. A core O*NET task: provide physical support to assist patients to perform daily living activities, such as getting out of bed, bathing, dressing, using the toilet, standing, walking, or exercising. Employers most often ask for Business intelligence and data analysis software, Electronic mail software, Medical software.
Do nursing assistants work 40 hours a week?
Yes, for most. In O*NET's survey of people in the job, 15% of nursing assistants usually work more than 40 hours a week, 62% work exactly 40 and 23% work fewer. 89% say their schedule is regular and 6% irregular, and 6% work seasonally. Source: O*NET 31.0 Database, Work Context.
What personality type suits a nursing assistant?
O*NET scores Nursing Assistants highest on the Social, Realistic and Conventional interest areas, so the work mixes teaching, helping and working directly with other people with hands-on, practical work with tools, machines or the outdoors. On NueCareer's MBTI-to-interest mapping that lines up most closely with ISFJ personalities. Personality is a fit signal, not a gate. The free NueCareer quiz scores your own profile against all 1,731 careers in the bank.
How long does it take to become a nursing assistant?
At least 75 clock hours. Federal rules require that an approved nurse aide training and competency evaluation program consist of no less than 75 clock hours, include at least 16 hours of supervised practical training, and cover at least 16 hours of communication and interpersonal skills, infection control, safety and emergency procedures, promoting residents' independence and respecting residents' rights before any direct contact with a resident. Because the regulation states these as minimums, state programs can be longer.
Do you need a license to work as a nursing assistant?
Yes, and it is issued by the state you work in, not nationally. The credential is issued and titled by the state. BLS notes that in some states a nursing assistant is called a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) but titles vary by state. What varies: the number of training hours above the federal 75-hour floor, the format and passing standard of the competency evaluation, whether the state requires continuing education, criminal background checks, and the operation of the state registry itself. Registry listing is what a nursing home must verify before letting you work.
What exams do you have to pass to become a nursing assistant?
The Nurse aide competency evaluation. Every approved nurse aide training program must contain the competency evaluation procedures set out in the federal regulation. It is taken after the training program, and passing it is what places you on the state nurse aide registry and lets you use the state's title. The exam's name and format are set at state level, not nationally.
What percentage of nursing assistants are women?
Women make up 86.9% of nursing assistants, against 47.1% of all employed people: a female-dominated occupation. 19.9% are 55 or older, close to the 23.2% across all jobs. The median worker is 39.6 years old (all workers: 42.1). Source: BLS Current Population Survey, 2025 annual averages.






